Ib lub thawv -hom substation- tseem hu ua prefabricated substation los yog ntim substation - yog compact, Hoobkas-prefabricated fais fab faib chav tsev tsim rau ob qho tib si sab hauv tsev thiab sab nraum zoov siv. Nws koom ua ke siab -voltage switchgear, tis transformers, thiab low-voltage distribution equipment rau hauv ib lub rooj sib txoos raws li ib qho kev sib txuas lus tshwj xeeb. Qhov tseem ceeb, nws organically sib xyaw ua haujlwm xws li qib voltage- nqes thiab qis-voltage tis nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw kaw, mobile steel enclosure uas tiv taus ya raws, xeb, plua plav, nas, hluav taws kub, thiab tub sab nyiag, thaum tseem muab thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Hom substation no yog qhov tshwj xeeb zoo- haum rau kev tsim kho thiab kho tshiab ntawm cov phiaj xwm hauv nroog; nws sawv cev rau tiam tshiab ntawm substations uas tau tshwm sim los ua ib tug successor rau ib txwm pej xeem- engineering- raws li substations. Lub thawv- hom substations muaj feem xyuam rau cov mines, chaw tsim khoom, chaw roj thiab roj, thiab chaw nres tsheb cua; lawv ua haujlwm raws li niaj hnub no, ua tiav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hloov pauv, hloov cov tsoos pej xeem- engineering-raws li chav faib khoom thiab substations.
Lub thawv- hom substations yog haum rau siv nyob rau hauv cov neeg zej zog, lub nroog pej xeem siv hluav taws xob faib network, bustling coj mus muag cheeb tsam, thiab cov chaw tsim kho uas yuav tsum tau ib ntus fais fab mov. Cov neeg siv tuaj yeem xaiv lub thawv tsim nyog- hom substation qauv raws li kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb thiab cov kev xav tau thauj khoom. Txij li thaum lawv pib, lub thawv- hom substations tau ntsib kev loj hlob sai; nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe tsim, tam sim no lawv suav rau 70% ntawm tag nrho cov kev faib khoom transformers, thaum nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States, cov duab no sawv ntawm 90%. Muab qhov nrawm nrawm ntawm kev hloov tshiab hauv nroog hauv Suav teb thiab kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv thiab kho dua tshiab ntawm nws cov phiaj xwm hluav taws xob hauv nroog, lub thawv- hom substations tau npaj rau kev siv thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws.
Hais txog kev txhim kho lub thawv- hom substations hauv Suav teb: pib thaum xyoo 1970s, Tuam Tshoj tau qhia thiab thim rov qab- cov qauv tsim los ntawm cov teb chaws xws li Fabkis thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees. Raws li kev tsim qauv, cov qauv no thaum ntxov muaj cais siab -voltage switchgear, low-voltage switchgear, thiab transformers sib sau ua ke. Qhov kev teeb tsa no yog lub npe hu ua "Tebchaws Europe-style" lub thawv-hom substation- pom tau zoo raws li qhov tseem ceeb tsim kev tiv thaiv "tsev" tshaj qhov siab-voltage switchgear, low-voltage switchgear, thiab transformer components. Pib txij xyoo 1990, Tuam Tshoj tau tshaj tawm Asmeskas -style box- hom substation tsim. Raws li kev tsim qauv, qhov kev tsim no ua kom yooj yim rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom hloov pauv, lub nplhaib - lub network keyboards, thiab fuses los ntawm vaj tse nyob rau hauv lub tank transformer, qhov chaw uas lawv tau muab tso rau hauv cov roj. Ib yam li ntawd, cov surge arresters siv nyob rau hauv qhov tsim no yog cov roj -immersed zinc oxide hom. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub transformer tshem tawm cov tsoos roj conservator (expansion tank), tawm hauv lub ntsiab transformer tank thiab radiators raug rau cov huab cua ambient. Qhov kev teeb tsa no yog hu ua "American-style" box-hom substation- tau piav qhia meej tias tsuas yog txuas lub txee tswj rau sab ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv.
